Lisinopril is a medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart failure. It belongs to a class of drugs known as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which work by blocking the production of a hormone called angiotensin II. This hormone can cause blood vessels to narrow and lead to increased blood pressure, so blocking its production helps to lower blood pressure and improve blood flow.
Lisinopril was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987 and has since become one of the most widely prescribed medications for the treatment of high blood pressure. It is also used to treat other conditions, such as heart failure, kidney disease, and certain types of heart attacks.
Mechanism of Action
Lisinopril works by blocking the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that can cause blood vessels to narrow and increase blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates the release of another hormone, called aldosterone, which can cause an increase in the amount of salt and water in the body, leading to further increases in blood pressure. By blocking the production of angiotensin II, lisinopril helps to prevent these changes, lowering blood pressure and improving blood flow.
In addition to its effects on blood pressure, lisinopril has been shown to have other benefits for the heart and blood vessels. For example, it has been shown to improve the function of the left ventricle, the main pumping chamber of the heart, and to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Dosage and Administration
Lisinopril is available in tablet form and is usually taken once a day, with or without food. The recommended starting dose is typically 10 milligrams (mg), with the option to increase the dose if necessary. The maximum recommended dose is typically 40 mg per day.
It is important to take lisinopril exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
Side Effects
Like all medications, lisinopril can cause side effects, although not everyone will experience them. Some of the most common side effects include:
- Dizziness
- Cough
- Headache
- Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
More serious side effects are rare but can occur, including:
- Hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Kidney problems
- Skin reactions
- Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat)
If you experience any of these serious side effects, you should seek medical attention immediately.
Interactions
Lisinopril can interact with other medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements. Some of the most common drug interactions include:
- Diuretics
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Potassium-sparing diuretics
- Lithium
Popular brand names of Lisinopril in USA
In the United States, some of the popular brand names for lisinopril include Zestril, Prinivil, and Qbrelis.
It is important to tell your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal supplements, so that your healthcare provider can determine if any interactions may occur.
Conclusion
Lisinopril is a medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. It works by blocking the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that can cause blood vessels to narrow and increase blood
