In the burgeoning healthcare landscape of Saudi Arabia, the choice of a professional path for pharmacy undergraduates is more than a personal decision—it echoes through the halls of academia, reverberates across hospital wards, and resonates in the strategic plans of healthcare policymakers. A new study, “Career Choices and Preferences of Saudi Pharmacy Undergraduates,” published in the Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal (Alhomoud et al., 2019), illuminates the aspirations and influences shaping the career trajectories of these future pharmacists.
As the Kingdom undertakes monumental shifts in its healthcare sector in tandem with Vision 2030—an ambitious plan to diversify the economy beyond oil—a clear understanding of the desires and drives of pharmacy students is crucial. The study provides a beacon of insight at a time when Saudi Arabia’s pharmacy sector faces a paradox: an increase in pharmacological education facilities and graduates against a backdrop of persisting healthcare workforce shortages.
Keywords
1. Saudi Pharmacy Careers
2. Healthcare Workforce Shortages
3. Pharmacy Education Saudi Arabia
4. Vision 2030 Healthcare
5. Pharmacist Job Preferences
Understanding the Study
With the number of pharmacy schools expanding, the study aimed to bridge the gap between Saudi pharmacy undergraduates’ career preferences and the actual job market needs. Conducted from October 2017 to March 2018, the cross-sectional survey collected data from pharmacy undergraduates across various education levels at numerous colleges within Saudi Arabia. Students shared their job preferences, important job considerations, and factors influencing their future career choices through a comprehensive questionnaire.
Analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results uncovered a surprising hierarchy of preferences: hospital pharmacies topped the list (51.6%), followed by academia and research centers (24.8%), while the pharmaceutical industry and community pharmacies were less favored at 7% and 2%, respectively.
Key Findings and Implications
The study indicated a pronounced inclination towards hospital pharmacy roles among pharmacy students, with PharmD students being four times more likely to gravitate towards this sector compared to their B-Pharm counterparts. This finding provides a clue for licensing organizations, employers, and institutions to align educational strategies with market requirements.
Two significant factors—personal interest and training experience, along with organizational reputation—influenced students’ career choices, while moving up the job ladder and availability of job openings were cited as paramount job considerations. These preferences have implications for healthcare planning, as the government and educational institutions must consider these motivations to ensure a balance between supply and demand for pharmacists.
Addressing the Workforce Shortage
Despite the increase in pharmacy graduates, the study’s findings suggest that the job market may not fully accommodate the students’ preferences, signaling potential workforce planning issues. Healthcare policy decision-makers, educators, and industry leaders must work collaboratively to create opportunities that match students’ aspirations.
The preference for hospital pharmacies reinforces the need for expanding post-graduate training programs and creating more clinical pharmacist positions in hospitals. By focusing on training and employment opportunities that encourage the application of clinical knowledge, the healthcare sector can provide roles that foster career growth and professional satisfaction.
Global Comparison and Future Direction
Comparing these findings with global trends, the preferences of Saudi pharmacy students align with international peers who also prioritize hospital and clinical pharmacy positions. However, in contrast to Western preferences for community pharmacy roles, Saudi students show less interest in this setting, which may reflect cultural, economic, or systemic differences in healthcare delivery.
It’s crucial for future studies to delve into the reasons behind the low preference for community pharmacy and the pharmaceutical industry. Understanding these disparities can inform targeted initiatives to make these sectors more appealing and could potentially help diversify the workforce distribution across different practice settings.
Recommendations for Stakeholders
For education providers, the study suggests a need to address curriculum design by integrating more clinical and hospital-oriented training to better prepare students for their preferred career paths. Engaging stakeholders in curriculum development can ensure that educational outcomes are closely tied to industry needs.
The government and healthcare organizations must consider increasing investment in hospital pharmacy infrastructure, adapting licensing requirements to facilitate transitions into desired roles, and enhancing the image and career prospects within less favored sectors.
This study sends a strong message to the Saudi healthcare community: the aspirations of future pharmacists must be reflected in the design of educational programs, job creation strategies, and workforce planning efforts to ensure the sustainable development of the pharmacy profession in tune with Vision 2030 objectives.
Conclusion
Through surveying over 400 Saudi pharmacy undergraduates, Alhomoud et al. (2019) paint a clear picture of the career preferences impacting the future of the pharmacy workforce. This cross-sectional study, pivotal in its timeliness and content, provides data-driven direction for addressing the healthcare workforce challenges in Saudi Arabia’s pharmacy sector.
Policymakers, educators, and industry leaders must heed the preferences and influences detailed in this study to ensure that the burgeoning supply of pharmacy graduates meets a job market designed to accommodate and inspire them. Aligning educational outcomes with market demands is paramount to a future where healthcare is not just a matter of resources but a dynamic ecosystem, poised to fulfill the nation’s Vision 2030 and beyond.
References
1. Alhomoud, F. K., AlGhalawin, L., AlGofari, G., AlDjani, W., Ameer, A., & Alhomoud, F. (2019). Career Choices and Preferences of Saudi Pharmacy Undergraduates: A Cross Sectional Study. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27(4), 467-474. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.01.009
2. Al-jedai, A., Qaisi, S., & Al-meman, A. (2016). Pharmacy practice and the health care system in Saudi Arabia. Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 69(3), 231-237. PMC4924944
3. AlRuthia, Y., Alsenaidy, M.A., Alrabiah, H.K. (2018). The status of licensed pharmacy workforce in Saudi Arabia: a 2030 economic vision perspective. Human Resources for Health. PMC6022294
4. Al-Wazaify, M., Matowe, L., & Albsoul-Younes, A. (2006). Pharmacy education in Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 70(1), Article 18. PMC1636892
5. Saad, S., Sumbal, A., & Mohammad, I. (2012). Attitude of fourth-year Doctor of Pharmacy students towards pharmacy profession and their career preferences. Archives of Pharmacy Practice, 3(4), 293-296.
